Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting: A Key Treatment for Stroke Prevention

A clot developing in the carotid artery (artery supplying the brain) is one of the major causes of stroke, and for most patients, carotid angioplasty and stenting is a solution to restore blood flow and prevent further complications. When the carotid arteries, which carry oxygen-rich blood to the brain, get narrowed or blocked by plaque, it can heighten the risk of a stroke several times.

In this blog, we’ll discuss how carotid angioplasty and stenting work, who benefits from these procedures, and why they are vital for stroke prevention. 

What are Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting?

Carotid angioplasty and stenting is a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of carotid artery disease, which happens as a result of the deposition of fatty substances called plaques within the carotid arteries. These arteries are vital because they provide blood to the brain. When these arteries become narrowed or blocked, the chances of stroke increase. For the carotid artery blockage treatment, a small balloon is inserted into the affected artery and inflated for some time in order to widen the constricted area.

This aids in restoring normal blood flow to the brain. The procedure is often performed in combination with carotid artery stenting, in which a small metal mesh tube (stent) is placed in the artery to keep it open and reduce the likelihood of it narrowing again in the future. 

Why is Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Performed?

Carotid angioplasty and stenting are often recommended either as a stroke prevention surgery or as a treatment for an ongoing stroke. These procedures are typically advised under the following circumstances:

• Carotid artery blockage of 70% or more: When the artery is severely narrowed, it increases the risk of a stroke.
• Recent stroke or stroke symptoms: If a patient has already had a stroke or exhibits symptoms like dizziness, weakness, or trouble speaking, these procedures can help prevent further strokes.
• Health conditions preventing traditional surgery: For patients with severe heart or lung conditions, carotid artery stenting may be a safer alternative to invasive surgery.
• Narrowing after previous carotid surgery: If a patient has had carotid surgery but experiences new narrowing, angioplasty and stenting may be the solution.

How Are Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Performed?

The procedure for carotid artery stenting typically follows these steps:

• Anaesthesia: The patient is sedated to ensure comfort during the procedure.
• Accessing the artery: A small puncture is made in the femoral artery in the groin, through which a tube is inserted.
• Filter placement: A small mesh is placed in the carotid artery to prevent blood clots going into the brain 
• Guided catheter insertion: A catheter with a balloon tip is carefully threaded through the artery to the narrowed area under X-ray guidance.
• Contrast injection: A contrast dye is injected to provide a detailed image of the artery and visualise blood flow to the brain.
• Balloon inflation: The balloon is inflated to widen the blocked artery and push aside the plaque, restoring blood flow.
• Stent placement: After the artery is opened, a small mesh tube made of metal (stent) is placed to ensure the artery remains open and will not narrow again.
• Post-procedure care: No stitches are typically required after the procedure. A dressing is applied to the incision site, and the patient is monitored for any complications.

This procedure is minimally invasive and generally has a quicker recovery time compared to traditional surgery, making it an excellent option for patients.

Benefits of Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting

• Stroke Prevention: The most important advantage of carotid angioplasty and stenting is the prevention of stroke. Carotid angioplasty and stenting can prevent a potentially impending stroke in patients with significant carotid artery disease because these procedures restore normal blood flow to the brain.
• Less Invasive: Unlike traditional surgery, which involves opening the neck to access the carotid arteries, carotid artery stenting is performed through a small incision in the groin, making recovery faster and reducing the risk of infection.

When Should You Consider Carotid Artery Blockage Treatment?

If you have a diagnosis of carotid artery blockage or if you're experiencing symptoms like sudden dizziness, numbness, or difficulty speaking, then you should seek a specialist. Carotid artery blockage treatment can be helpful in preventing a stroke that might be fatal; however, the key to success is intervention at the right time.

Take Control of Your Health with Dr Akhil Monga Today

If you’re concerned about carotid artery disease or want to explore your options for stroke prevention surgery, don’t wait. Timely intervention is crucial for preventing serious complications like stroke. Dr Akhil Monga offers expert care and the most advanced treatment options, including carotid angioplasty and stenting. Schedule a consultation, and he will help you analyse your treatment options.